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Research & Reviews in Biotechnology and Biosciences

A Biannual Peer Reviewed, Refereed Research Journal (Estd. Year: 2014)
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Archives Volume-8, Issue-1 (Jan-June)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paper Title:
COVID-19: Neurological Perspectives of Pathology and Management
Author Name:
Jaspreet Singh
Author Email:
jsingh2@hfhs.org
Country:
United States of America
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COVID-19: Neurological Perspectives of Pathology and Management
Author: Jaspreet Singh

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic that has so far affected more that 165 million people worldwide across > 200 countries and resulting in more than 3.3 million deaths [1]. The causal virus is the severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronaviruses are a group of enveloped viruses with single-stranded positive sense RNA genome. Ultrastructure studies have shown evenly distributed surface projection on the SARS-COV-2 virus giving it the characteristic crown-shaped appearance. This surface protrusion is referred to as the spike protein and it considered the key structure for infectivity and virulence by binding to the receptors on the host cells. The main mode of transmission is contact with respiratory droplets from the infected person and aerosols.

Paper Title:
Antimicrobial Activities of Single Nano particle (SNPs) & Core-shell Nanomaterials (CSNMs) with Special Reference to Binding Mechanisms
Author Name:
Lad Kashmira, Mulye Madhura, Agrawal Apoorv, Waghmode Shobha
Author Email:
sumeetgairola@iiim.res.in
Country:
India
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Antimicrobial Activities of Single Nano particle (SNPs) & Core-shell Nanomaterials (CSNMs) with Special Reference to Binding Mechanisms
Author: Lad Kashmira, Mulye Madhura, Agrawal Apoorv, Waghmode Shobha

Recently single Nanoparticles (SNPs) /Nanomaterials (NMs) are gaining much attention due to their peculiar characteristic properties even in biomedical field is one of it. The scope of nanoparticles/ NMs in future is vast and promising yet it is facing some challenges due to toxicity and scalability. However, the anti-microbial activity of some metal nanoparticles shows a deep impact and can act as an alternative to pharma drugs amidst of their drug resistance, dosage, side effects, half-life, cytotoxicity & inventory issues.

Paper Title:
Morphological and microscopic studies on fruits of Drooping Fig
Author Name:
Pankaj Kumar, Sumeet Gairola
Author Email:
sumeetgairola@iiim.res.in
Country:
India
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Morphological and microscopic studies on fruits of Drooping Fig
Author: Pankaj Kumar, Sumeet Gairola

They are used to treat several health issues, including abdominal problems, urogenital problems, colic pain, visceral obstructions, diabetes, jaundice, leprosy, hepatitis, etc. The present study aimed at the detailed macroscopic and microscopic characterization of fruits of F. semicordata. Morphological, anatomical, and powder characters of fruits were studied using a compound microscope and stereomicroscope. Morphological study of fruit revealed characteristic protruded dark brown spot like structures on the fruit surface, orifice covered with triangular-shaped bracts, and cut surface showed several pink to silver-colored feebly stalked seeds attached to thin creamy white to pink colored fruit wall. Powder microscopy revealed numerous unicellular trichomes, some colored cork cell fragments, seed testa fragments, etc. Botanical characters compiled in the present study can be used as a reference standard for identifying raw fruit samples of F. semicordata in both fresh and dried forms.

Paper Title:
Bioimaging: A Powerful Tool For Diagnosis: A Review
Author Name:
Juvatkar PV, Kale MK, Walekar Chaitanya, Sawant Harshada, Shinde Meghana, Patil Bhakti, Patil Samiksha, Suchita G
Author Email:
pritamjuvatkar@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Bioimaging: A Powerful Tool For Diagnosis: A Review
Author: Juvatkar PV, Kale MK, Walekar Chaitanya, Sawant Harshada, Shinde Meghana, Patil Bhakti, Patil Samiksha, Suchita G

To result in improvements in know-how organic strategies on the molecular degree similarly to development within side the improvement of diagnostic gear and modern treatments bioimaging has been evolved. Bioimaging represents the acquisition, processing, and visualization of structural of useful photos of dwelling system. Some Techniques of bioimaging are optical imaging, Magnetic Resonance (MRI),Nuclear imaging, ultrasound imaging, X-Ray imaging Thermal imaging, Positron Emission Tomography (PET),Single-photon Emission Computerized Tomography(SPECT) were described. Current utility and Future scope is mentioned in brief. The most important awareness of this newsletter is to offer an outline of Bioimaging generation with considerable utility in today’s science.

Paper Title:
Multienzyme Producing Marine Fungi from the Mangalore Seacoast
Author Name:
S M Arif, Chetana, Huligesh, Sahana, Sumangala C. H, Dr. Bharathi Prakash
Author Email:
bharatiprakash21@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Multienzyme Producing Marine Fungi from the Mangalore Seacoast
Author: S M Arif, Chetana, Huligesh, Sahana, Sumangala C. H, Dr. Bharathi Prakash

Mangalore is one of the prominent cities in South Canara, Karnataka situated in costal region. Marine environment has diverse species including microbe. Marine microorganisms make up about 70% of the biomass in the ocean. The beach sand harbor it‘s own flora such as bacteria, fungi, algae, viruses and protozoans etc. These microbes are known for their enzymes and metabolic by products useful for various purposes. Potential resources of these marine microbes can be tapped for wider applications in bio industries. In the present study seaweed samples were collected from the NITK beach, Suratkal and sand samples were collected from NITK, Someshwar and Tannirbhavi beaches of Dakshina Kannada District Mangalore, India

Paper Title:
Biotechnology Entrepreneurship: Leading, Managing and Commercializing Innovative Technologies. Edited by Craig Shimasaki
Author Name:
Rahul Khetan
Author Email:
rahul.khetan@manchester.ac.uk
Country:
United Kingdom
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Biotechnology Entrepreneurship: Leading, Managing and Commercializing Innovative Technologies. Edited by Craig Shimasaki
Author: Rahul Khetan

Biotechnology Entrepreneurship aims to serve as a practical guidebook for readers interested in starting, growing, and managing biotechnology companies. The book is written to provide a comprehensive guide about several concepts required to operate and thrive in the biotech industry to the next generation of biotech entrepreneurs. It is an invaluable companion to research and business executives, current entrepreneurs, and students in the biotechnology industry. This book would also appeal to professionals serving the biotechnology industry, government leaders, and policymakers in the life-sciences sector. Biotechnology Entrepreneurship: Leading, Managing, and Commercializing Innovative Technologies highlights key concepts and issues in biotechnology entrepreneurship necessary to build and manage successful biotechnology companies.

Paper Title:
Tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy: key tool to study protein denaturation anti inflammatory assay
Author Name:
Arun Dev Sharma, Inderjeet Kaur, Narveer Singh
Author Email:
arundevsharma47@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy: key tool to study protein denaturation anti inflammatory assay
Author: Arun Dev Sharma, Inderjeet Kaur, Narveer Singh

Tissue inflammation is always associated with protein denaturation which in turns is associated with indications like redness, pain, heat, swelling and loss of function at that area of tissues. The present cited Tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy as a key tool to study protein denaturation/anti-inflammatory assay. BSA was chosen a key protein to study inhibitor effect of herbal derivatives like essential oil
and herbal tea. It was observed that all herbal derivatives substantial inhibited protein denaturation under in vitro conditions. It was concluded that Tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy is a key tool by which researchers can study protein denaturation under lab conditions and can be added as key practical in UG and PG classes.

Paper Title:
Consumption of balance diet and Ayurveda supplements can reduce the lethal effects of Corona viruses
Author Name:
Pankaj Bagga, Subham Kapil, Punit Puri
Author Email:
shubhamkapil143@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Consumption of balance diet and Ayurveda supplements can reduce the lethal effects of Corona viruses
Author: Pankaj Bagga, Subham Kapil, Punit Puri

COVID-19, is a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2). It was supposed to be spread by animals and then Chinese people at the Huanan seafood market and rapidly spread from Wuhan City of Hubei, Province of China, to the rest of the world. At present, in India it is growing at very fast rate. Due to the growing case notification rates at international locations, on the 30th January 2020, the WHO Emergency Committee declared a global health emergency. In order to contrast and contain the spread of the new COVID-19, at the 23March 2020 up to June 2020, the Indian Government decided for more stringent containment measures: the ban on mass gatherings and events, as well as the ban on meeting up for no urgent reasons, were issued on the entire national territory. A healthy lifestyle and proper diet can reduce the risk of COVID- 19 as well as the lethal effect of this disease. It was observed that healthy lifestyle and proper diet can reduce the risk of COVID- 19 as well as the lethal effect of this disease. This study has suggested that Himachalis are concerned about the threat of this hazardous disease. Most of them considered Ayurvedic supplements as most important part in their diet.

Paper Title:
Identification of adulterants in powdered form of Curcuma longa, Capsicum annuum, Crocus sativus
Author Name:
Pinnapureddy Rishika Reddy, Ms.Y. Vineetha
Author Email:
reddyrishika16@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Identification of adulterants in powdered form of Curcuma longa, Capsicum annuum, Crocus sativus
Author: Pinnapureddy Rishika Reddy, Ms.Y. Vineetha

Food is any substance which provides nourishment for a creature. Food sources are influenced by various adulterants. Adulterant is a substance that diminishes the essential significance of food. Adulterant like metanil yellow (a fake tone) is utilized to increase the shade of the turmeric powder. Lead chromate, a synthetic compound containing lead and chromium, is a yellow shade that can improve the splendor of a substance. It is likewise noxious, going about as a neurotoxin when people ingest or breathe in it. Sudan dye present in food items leave an antagonistic impact on the attention, conduct, and activity of children. Spices (flavors) may likewise be adulterated in light of conditions under which they are grown and harvested. Tainted flavors have been accounted for to cause certain food-borne ailments. This demonstration of food extortion might be a monetary addition for the maker, while it is a misfortune for the last buyers of the items.

Paper Title:
Applications of Nanotechnology in Precision Agriculture: A review
Author Name:
Aaqifa Shaikh, Heena Meroliya, Sharda Dagade-Gadale, Shobha Waghmode
Author Email:
saw.agc@mespune.in
Country:
India
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Applications of Nanotechnology in Precision Agriculture: A review
Author: Aaqifa Shaikh, Heena Meroliya, Sharda Dagade-Gadale, Shobha Waghmode

Agriculture has been by far the best of the revolution mankind has ever witnessed. 21st century faced a population explosion due to better health services, better nourishment, etc. To meet the requirements of the burgeoning population, farmers commenced using techniques (like fertilizer, pesticide, herbicide, etc) which caused the yield to grow faster compared to the original farming techniques.

Paper Title:
Use of Nano pesticide in Agriculture and its Toxicity – A Review
Author Name:
Shweta Kadam, Vaishali Patul, Shobha Waghmode, Sharda Dagade Gadale
Author Email:
saw.agc@mespune.in
Country:
India
View PDF
Use of Nano pesticide in Agriculture and its Toxicity – A Review
Author: Shweta Kadam, Vaishali Patul, Shobha Waghmode, Sharda Dagade Gadale

In today’s world, population is increasing day by day, accordingly the need of population is also increasing day by day. The basic need of population for survival is food and therefore there is need to increase agriculture production. After 10-20 years the population will increase up to 9.8 billion and therefore there will be more need of food and to fulfill this demand of growing population Nanotechnology should be used in the field of agriculture. Nanotechnology is the developing field and it contribute to various fields like medicinal, electronics, transportation, agriculture, etc. In agriculture field, the nanopesticide are used for crop production and to destroy the pests and insects which cause damage to the plant. The nanopesticides are more effective and less toxic as compare to commercial pesticides. These synthetic pesticides can cause harmful effect on human health. The nanopesticides also has some toxic effect on human body. But nanopesticide has less toxicity as compare to synthetic pesticides.

Paper Title:
Nano fertilizer is boon for Soil Health
Author Name:
Gayatri Divekar, Sharda Dagade Gadale, Asha Desai, Shobha Waghmode
Author Email:
shobhawaghmode@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Nano fertilizer is boon for Soil Health
Author: Gayatri Divekar, Sharda Dagade Gadale, Asha Desai, Shobha Waghmode

Nanoparticles are being increasingly used in the agriculture sector as opposed to conventional fertilizers. As it can be observed from the results, the nanofertilizers used are quite beneficial for plant growth. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles can be the cheaper method of production since the technology for large scale growth of bacteria and simple eukaryotes like yeasts is already well stabli shed.

Paper Title:
Interaction between Nanoparticles and Soil Microflora
Author Name:
Thote Vaishnavee, Sharda Dagade Gadale, Vidya Kalyankar, Shobha Waghmode
Author Email:
shobhawaghmode@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Interaction between Nanoparticles and Soil Microflora
Author: Thote Vaishnavee, Sharda Dagade Gadale, Vidya Kalyankar, Shobha Waghmode

This report presents a literature review on the interaction of nanoparticles with soil microbial communities. This article discuss how nanoparticles affect different types of microorganisms present in the soil. They affect their microbial diversity, size and enzymatic activities. Organic and Inorganic nanoparticles have different type of impact on soil microflora. Also, the concentration, environment and time of exposure determines the impact of nanoparticles on the microflora.

Paper Title:
Ayurveda and nanotechnology: An Integrative Approach
Author Name:
Ameya Pawar, Dr. Shobha Waghmode
Author Email:
shobhawaghmode@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Ayurveda and nanotechnology: An Integrative Approach
Author: Ameya Pawar, Dr. Shobha Waghmode

Ayurveda originated centuries ago taking roots from the Indian subcontinent. Since the Samhita period, metals and minerals are used as medicines in Ayurveda in a fine powder form called Ayaskriti and around 7th century AD techniques were developed which resulted in even more fine particles called bhasma.

Paper Title:
Nanotechnology in Ayurveda perspective
Author Name:
Swaroopa Chandorkar, Sharda Dagade Gadale, Shobha Waghmode
Author Email:
shobhawaghmode@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Nanotechnology in Ayurveda perspective
Author: Swaroopa Chandorkar, Sharda Dagade Gadale, Shobha Waghmode

Recently the global research is going towards nanoscale products and technology related to nanomaterials. Nanotechnology is the science and engineering involved in the design, synthesis, characterization and application of materials which are in nanometer scale. Although the nanotechnology is the technology of 21st century, its traces can be found in the old Indian medicinal culture. Ayurveda is a branch of medicine developed in vedic period and commonly practiced in Indian subcontinent. There are two main pillars stated in Ayurveda regarding treatment – one is physician and another is medicine. We can find the glimpse of nanotechnology mainly in the part explaining preparation of medicine particularly in non-herbal medicine preparation. In this review, we will try to uncover the relation between Ayurveda and nanotechnology. This review briefly explains about Ayurveda and nanotechnology. Any metal, mineral or gem when get converted into nano sized structure or nanoparticles, the physicochemical properties of that substance changes. Many concepts like one above given example are there in Ayurveda which were explained thousands of years back. This review is about such concepts and it mainly focus on synthesis of nanoparticles in ancient times and properties of nanoparticles beneficial in medicines.

Paper Title:
Applications of Nanotechnology in Ayurveda: A review
Author Name:
Mohammed Valikarimwala, Sharada Gadale, Shobha Waghmode
Author Email:
shobhawaghmode@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Applications of Nanotechnology in Ayurveda: A review
Author: Mohammed Valikarimwala, Sharada Gadale, Shobha Waghmode

Ayurveda is thousands of years old medical system in India. Various herbs, metals and non-metals preparations are used as medicine in Ayurveda. In the Ayurvedic description, several metallic preparations called Bhasma are in clinical use since 8th century AD.

Paper Title:
Bioinformatics study of the potential of JAK/STAT pathway inhibition as a new treatment strategy to control cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19
Author Name:
Bahareh Farasati Far, Ali Aghajani Shahrivar, Hazha Omar Othman, Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi
Author Email:
pazoki1970@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5118342
View PDF
Bioinformatics study of the potential of JAK/STAT pathway inhibition as a new treatment strategy to control cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19
Author: Bahareh Farasati Far, Ali Aghajani Shahrivar, Hazha Omar Othman, Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi

COVID-19, a pandemic affecting virus, which is caused by the current SARS-CoV2 coronavirus. The present research is performed on anti-virus and immune-modulating therapies. Cytokine storms are the toxic drivers and mortality caused by various human viral infections. In addition, the intensity was linked to an elevated risk of acute respiratory failure, myocardial injury, and mortality in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. The Janus kinase (JAK) therapeutic inhibitor class showed significant clinical benefits in anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. Among them, filgotinib has been approved as an active JAK inhibitor by decreasing biomarkers with main immune reaction functions and markers supporting matrix-degradation, angiogenesis, leukocyte adhesion, and recruitment in both research trials. In this study, we tried to get an insight into the choice of this drug in controlling the jack to treat COVID-19 using drug design methods.

Paper Title:
Biotechnological Techniques to Engineer Disease Free Plants
Author Name:
Shivani Vohra, Pracheta Salunkhe, Moksh Mahajan, Sagar Dhama, Pradeep B, Darshini Trivedi
Author Email:
drdrt2011@gmail.com
Country:
India
View PDF
Biotechnological Techniques to Engineer Disease Free Plants
Author: Shivani Vohra, Pracheta Salunkhe, Moksh Mahajan, Sagar Dhama, Pradeep B, Darshini Trivedi

Plants are prone to various infections and diseases caused by viruses and microbes which adversely affects plants productivity yield and global food security. Since ages disease free plants were produced using conventional breeding methods, but these approaches are mainly labor extensive and expensive. Thus, various advance technologies have been developed which helps to fight against disease causing pathogens.

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