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Archives Volume-7, Issue-1 (Jan-June)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paper Title:
Antioxidant Analysis in Seeds of Four Different Accessions of Cannabis sativa L. from Jammu (Pg: 1-10)
Author Name:
Aatif Rashid, Villayat Alia, Manu Khajuria, , Sheenam Faiz, Sumit Jamwal, Javaid Fayaz Lone, Sumeet Gairola, Dhiraj Vyas
Author Email:
dhirajvyas@rediffmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727367
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Antioxidant Analysis in Seeds of Four Different Accessions of Cannabis sativa L. from Jammu (Pg: 1-10)
Author: Aatif Rashid, Villayat Alia, Manu Khajuria, , Sheenam Faiz, Sumit Jamwal, Javaid Fayaz Lone, Sumeet Gairola, Dhiraj Vyas

Cannabis belonging to the Cannabaceae family is a medicinally important plant. In ancient times this plant was used for food, fibre and medicine. In recent times, the focus has gone back on the medicinal importance of this wonder plant. The seeds of the Cannabis contain proteins, vitamins, fatty acids and oil that provide antioxidant value and are nutritionally important. The current study was envisaged in order to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Cannabis seeds of different areas of Jammu. Results suggested that Cannabis seeds have phenol content ranging from 77.64 μg GAE 100 mg-1 DW to 103.62 μg GAE 100 mg-1 DW and flavonoid content ranging from 34.52 μg QR 100 mg-1 DW to 47.12 μg QR 100 mg-1 DW across the different accessions. Further, the antioxidant assays including FRAP, DPPH and chelating power assays suggested significant antioxidant activities in the seeds of accessions collected from Jammu. This is the first report of antioxidant evaluation from Cannabis seeds from Jammu area.

Paper Title:
From copying to synthesis - Paradigm shift in Biological engineering - Synthetic Biology (pg: 11-16)
Author Name:
Dr. Shivani Sharda
Author Email:
ssharda@amity.edu
Country:
India
DOI:
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727372
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From copying to synthesis - Paradigm shift in Biological engineering - Synthetic Biology (pg: 11-16)
Author: Dr. Shivani Sharda

Let‟s play lego game of blocks on life biomolecules, can we? Yes we can, that‟s what is the era of translational world of science, where synthetic biology envisions to build novel patterns of cellular function from the available blocks by engineering designs on the biological blocks - DNA and protein. The blocks here are the sequence components that are characterized in their most simple forms and then anchored together as a string of co-regulated genetic parts with desired functions. Synthetic biology dwells on high-throughput biological engineering and rational redesigning of biological substrates that have intricate but partially characterized details posing their unique set of challenges. The conceptual biological engineering includes design patterns, genetic or DNA components as libraries, computational tools for design, circuit design scaffolds, with the final aim of application specific designs. These synthetic genetic circuits possess the capacity to manipulate and probe biological interfaces. The comprehensive review aims to shed light on the progress, challenges and applications of key areas where synthetic biology is impacting biological sciences.

Paper Title:
Fluorescence emission based spectral signatures from endogenous flurophores from Lantana camara (Pg: 17-21)
Author Name:
Arun Dev Sharma, Priya Nischal, Narveer Singh
Author Email:
arundevsharma47@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727374
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Fluorescence emission based spectral signatures from endogenous flurophores from Lantana camara (Pg: 17-21)
Author: Arun Dev Sharma, Priya Nischal, Narveer Singh

Lantana camara is a noxious and invasive weed from family Verbenaceae, native to tropical America, but now widespread in many countries. However, there has been little research on its auto-fluorescence producing flurophores that play very crucial biological role inside the cells. In the present study, the fluorescence based spectral fingerprint analysis of leave extract was studied in Lantana camara. A peculiar pattern of fingerprints were observed, indicating accumulation of metabolites and enzymes in cells. Further, as per the excitation λ, different fingerprints were detected. Based on these findings possible role of spectral fingerprints in correlation with accumulation pattern of metabolites was discussed.

Paper Title:
Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Important Plants (Pg: 22-27)
Author Name:
Sumit Sheoran
Author Email:
sheoran080897@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3727377
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Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Important Plants (Pg: 22-27)
Author: Sumit Sheoran

The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance, as well as the evolution of new strains of disease causing agents, are of great concern to the global health community. Frequently used medicinal plants could be an exceptional source of drugs to scrap off this dilemma. Medicinal plants are traditionally used for the treatment of human infections. The present study was undertaken to investigate Apples, Amla and clove for the potential activity against human bacterial pathogen including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis using agar well diffusion method. The results indicated that most of the extracts exhibited antimicrobial properties. Among the three medicinal plants, the highest potential was observed in the extract of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) against Staphylococcus aureus (2.8 cm) followed by Escherichia coliand Bacillus subtilis (2.0 cm), Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) extract displayed maximum potential activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.8 cm). In addition to these extracts, extract of Malus domestica (apple fruit) also exhibited antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens. The experiment confirmed the effectiveness of selected plant extracts as a natural antimicrobials and suggested the likelihood of employing them in drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases

Paper Title:
Transmission of Novel Coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) and Current Scenario of Covid-19 (Pg: 28-32)
Author Name:
Prakash B, Jayaraman Oviya, Pavithra Y, TAmilselvi E, Aarthi A
Author Email:
prakazbt@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748461
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Transmission of Novel Coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) and Current Scenario of Covid-19 (Pg: 28-32)
Author: Prakash B, Jayaraman Oviya, Pavithra Y, TAmilselvi E, Aarthi A

On December 31, 2019, the china country office was informed about the cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology detected in Wuhan city of Hubei province [4]. Several quarantine and screening measures have been enhanced for travelers from Wuhan city at the point of entries since January 7, 2020. On January 30,2020, WHO declared Global health emergency of international concern. As of February 24, 2020, there were 80,150 confirmed cases across the globe in which the mainland china has 77,659 confirmed cases and 2,663 deaths, by the end of March 30, 2020 total cases 722,088 and total death 33,976 in worldwide.

Paper Title:
Alkaline Proteases: A Review on Production Optimization Parameters and Their Physicochemical Properties (Pg: 33-59)
Author Name:
Inderjeet Kaur, Arun Dev Sharma, Nishu Joshi, G S Kocher
Author Email:
inderjeetbiotechlkc@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748473
View PDF
Alkaline Proteases: A Review on Production Optimization Parameters and Their Physicochemical Properties (Pg: 33-59)
Author: Inderjeet Kaur, Arun Dev Sharma, Nishu Joshi, G S Kocher

Proteolytic enzymes are available in the entire livelihood and facilitate in growth of cells along with cell differentiation. Proteases are the hydrolytic enzymes that act as biocatalysts for the degradation of proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. Microorganisms are capable and provide economical source of alkaline protease enzymes that are able to generate a constant and reliable supply of desired products. Alkaline proteases comprise the major group of enzymes from bio-industrial point of view with large number of applications. They play a significant position in diverse biotechnological industries, viz. in leather, detergent, food & feed and pharmaceutical areas. This review draws attention on different sources of proteases with particular consideration on bacterial alkaline proteases. A variety of nutritional as well as environmental parameters influencing the production of alkaline proteases with a foremost view from Bacillus species in submerged fermentation conditions are discussed. The biochemical characterization such as purification aspects along with the physicochemical properties of alkaline proteases from several Bacillus species are also addressed in brief which could facilitate to recognize enzymes with higher stability and activity above extreme temperature and pH, in order that they can be exploited for industrial applications.

Paper Title:
Jensenone from eucalyptus essential oil as a potential inhibitor of COVID 19 corona virus infection (Pg: 60-67)
Author Name:
Arun Dev Sharma, Inderjeet Kaur
Author Email:
arundevsharma47@gmai.com
Country:
India
DOI:
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748477
View PDF
Jensenone from eucalyptus essential oil as a potential inhibitor of COVID 19 corona virus infection (Pg: 60-67)
Author: Arun Dev Sharma, Inderjeet Kaur

COVID-19, a member of corona virus family is spreading its tentacles
across the world due to lack of drugs at present. However, the main
viral proteinase (Mpro/3CLpro) has recently been regarded as a
suitable target for drug design against SARS infection due to its vital
role in polyproteins processing necessary for coronavirus
reproduction. The present in silico study was designed to evaluate
the effect of Jensenone, a essential oil component from eucalyptus oil,
on Mpro by docking study. In the present study, molecular docking
studies were conducted by using 1-click dock and swiss dock tools.
Protein interaction mode was calculated by Protein Interactions
Calculator.The calculated parameters such as binding energy, and
binding site similarity indicated effective binding of Jensenone to
COVID-19 proteinase. Active site prediction further validated the
role of active site residues in ligand binding. PIC results indicated
that, Mpro/ Jensenone complexes forms hydrophobic interactions,
hydrogen bond interactions and strong ionic interactions. Therefore,
Jensenone may represent potential treatment potential to act as
COVID-19 Mpro inhibitor. However, further research is necessary to
investigate their potential medicinal use.

Paper Title:
Spice aroma to prevent fungal food spoilage! (68-75)
Author Name:
Deekshitha, Maithri P. V, Prathika, Shrinidhi M, Ushalatha B, Divya, Yamuna, Chandana H.C, Archana
Author Email:
bharatiprakash21@gmail.com
Country:
India
DOI:
doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3748482
View PDF
Spice aroma to prevent fungal food spoilage! (68-75)
Author: Deekshitha, Maithri P. V, Prathika, Shrinidhi M, Ushalatha B, Divya, Yamuna, Chandana H.C, Archana

Spices are commonly used to impart their unique aroma and taste in the food preparations. Their extracts have proved antimicrobial by directly acting on them. The main objective of this study is to determine the antibacterial and antifungal effects of spices aroma from the distance of 2 cm and not their extracts. Aroma of 8 different Indian spices have assessed against Bacillus, Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. The spices used for this study were bought fresh from the local markets of Mangalore. Collected spices were clove, cumin, cinnamon, star anise, asafoetida, nutmeg and mace, pepper, carom seeds. Aroma of surface sterilized whole spices individually and in a mixture of eight was exposed to the microbes in the NA and SDA plates.

The result states that cumin and clove were more effective against Bacillus than the other spices; cinnamon was more effective against Aspergillus while cinnamon and carom seeds were more effective against Penicillium. Mixture of spices was more antimicrobial than individual spices but less antibacterial and more antifungal in action. In addition to the various uses of spice aroma as taste maker in food preparation, as room fresher and as pest repellent in museum, aroma of these spices mix can be used to preserve the cereals, pulses and grains thereby preventing fungal spoilage.

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