Paper Details

Name: Deepali Suryawanshi, Maneesha Shewale, Shobha Waghmode
Email: mnshewale@gmail.com
Country: India

Year: 2025
Volume: Volume-12, Issue-1 (January-June)
Page Number: 33-38
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15245195

This review investigates the rapid progress in fluorescent
biosensors field and their significant influences on analytical
chemistry applications. An electrical signal can be produced from a biological reaction using an integrated receptor-transducer device called a biosensor. Because there are so many uses for biosensors in the medical field, including medication delivery, environmental monitoring, water and food quality monitoring, and illness detection, biosensor design and development have become a top priority for scientists and researchers in the last ten years. In the beginning, we started to explain the basic principles of fluorescence. Then, we moved to discuss about the current advancements, creative sensor designs, the fusion of materials science and nanotechnology. The paper highlighted the sensitivity of fluorescent biosensors by addressing a wide range of applications, including biological research, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics. Fluorescent biosensors are incredibly versatile tools used for detecting various biological elements, including viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens. They work by using fluorescent dyes or quantum dots to signal the presence of a specific molecule or microorganism. Two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials have been commonly employed in the field of biosensors to improve their sensitivity/limits of detection and shorten the analysis time. These nanomaterials act as efficient transducers because of their unique characteristics, such as high surface area and optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, which in turn have been exploited to create simple, quick, and low-cost biosensing platforms. In this review, graphene and two-dimensional carbon material-based fluorescent biosensors are covered for the detection of different human viruses. This review specifically focuses on the new developments in graphene and two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials for fluorescent biosensing based on the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism.