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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paper Title:
Isolation and process optimization of textile dye degrading fungi
Author Name:
Gundeep Kaur, Aarti Arya
Author Email:
gundeep.biotech@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Isolation and process optimization of textile dye degrading fungi
Author: Gundeep Kaur, Aarti Arya

The aim of the present study was to screen and isolate a potent fungus capable of degrading and supporting the decolourisation of an azo dye Trypan Blue and to optimize the medium conditions and factors for maximum dye decolourisation. The decolourisation/removal of various industrial dyes like trypan Blue using isolated fungal strain has been an important area of research and the present work is focused on this specific aspect. The effect of independent variables such as time, temperature, pH, agitation on decolourisation efficiency is discussed. Biodegradation of Trypan Blue was demonstrated by decolourisation of culture medium, the extent of which was determined by monitoring the decrease in absorbance at or near the maximum wavelength of this dye. The biodegradation of the dye was related to its decolourisation during growth of fungi. There was increase in decolourisation % along with increase in incubation time. While performing the process optimization studies for the decolourisation of the dye, maximum decolourisation was observed at temperatures 28ºC and 37ºC, pH 6 and under static conditions. It was found that the isolated fungal strain was considered to be well adapted, resistant and highly acclimatized to dye contaminated soils showing the decolourisation of trypan blue dye. Mycoremediation is a great technology and can be exploited for the bioremediation of dye contaminated soils and also to reclaim wastewater. Isolated fungal strain in the present study is found to be capable of degrading Trypan Blue under its optimized medium and growth conditions and it seems to be best candidate for textile effluent decolourisation, so this strain can be used for bioremediation of environs polluted with textile effluents.

Paper Title:
Drought- induced oxidative stress and activities of boiling soluble antioxidants in seedlings of drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars of Triticum aestivum.
Author Name:
Gurmeen Rakhra, Arun Dev Sharma, Jatinder Singh
Author Email:
arundevsharma47@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Drought- induced oxidative stress and activities of boiling soluble antioxidants in seedlings of drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars of Triticum aestivum.
Author: Gurmeen Rakhra, Arun Dev Sharma, Jatinder Singh

Drought is one of most important abiotic stress that affects plant growth and productivity. Various antioxidants are known to maintain oxidative stress induced-ROS at sub-lethal levels in plants under abiotic stress conditions, but, studies documenting how drought regulates boiling soluble antioxidants at vegetative phase is still a matter of conjuncture. In this study, changes in total Chlorophyll content and its different fractions(Chl a and Chl b), total protein content (TPC), relative water content (RWC), H2O2,O2.-, malondialdehyde (MDA), Membrane injury index(MII), membrane stability index(MSI) and ROS scavenging boiling soluble antioxidants were studied in the shoots of two cultivars (PBW 175 and PBW 621) of wheat at different stages of development. Simultaneous analysis of ROS induced oxidative damage and activities of ROS-scavenging boiling soluble antioxidants gave an integrative view of physiological state and detoxifying potential under conditions of sensitivity and tolerance. Drought stress increased TPC in a developmental stage dependent manner and decreased RWC in both the cultivars of wheat. H2O2 and O2.- content increased considerably under drought stress in both the cultivars. As a result, MDA content, a product of lipid peroxidation along with MII also increased in both the cultivars. There was a differential response of boiling soluble antioxidants in both the cultivars under stress. The BsSOD activity declined considerably in the cv. PBW 621, whereas in the cv. PBW 175, BsSOD activity remained unchanged upon water imposition. The BsAPX activity declined considerably in both the cultivars under drought stress, with a sharper decrease in the cv. PBW 621. The BsGPX activity increased in response to elevated ROS levels in both the cultivars in a developmental stage dependent manner. The BsCAT activity showed negligible values upon water imposition in the cvs. PBW 175 and PBW 621. Based upon our results, it can be inferred that tolerant cv. PBW 175 have more of a biological antioxidative capacity to combat drought- induced oxidative stress.

Paper Title:
Impact Assessment of Parthenium Hysterophorus on Commercial Areas of Jalandhar, Punjab
Author Name:
Meena Sharma, Priya Mahajan, Kanchan
Author Email:
meenasharma356@gmail.com
Country:
India
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Impact Assessment of Parthenium Hysterophorus on Commercial Areas of Jalandhar, Punjab
Author: Meena Sharma, Priya Mahajan, Kanchan

An alien plant also referred to as exotic, introduced, foreign, non-indigenous or non-native, is one that has been introduced by humans intentionally or through human agency or accidentally from one region to another. Loss of plant species is due to these invasive plants. In India, many invasive exotic weeds have been reported but very little has been done on IAS in Punjab so far. Parthenium hysterophorus, one of the commonest weed of Punjab is considered for study as it causes decline in the amount of native species in the invaded area (commercial area). Impact assessment of Parthenium hysterophorus is done in roadside and wastelands of commercial areas of Jalandhar, Punjab (India) with the help of ground based mapping. There was significant increase in density of invasion, abundance and dominance in commercial areas and significant decrease in species richness (Margalef’s index of Richness r1) in invaded areas as compared to non-invaded areas. Total 75 species in commercial areas were noted in roadside and wastelands of Jalandhar. The invasion of Parthenium hysterophorus highly reduced the growth of other useful plant species in commercial areas as comparison to residential areas. They directly or indirectly become responsible for the loss of productivity and diversity of species in the invaded areas. So P.hysterophorus species drastically alters the structure, function and dynamics of invaded habitats. Thus, there is an urgent need for the management of these indigenous plants in the invaded areas under their natural habitats.

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